According to Wikipedia -
The free energy principle is a theory in cognitive science that attempts to explain how living and non-living systems remain in non-equilibrium steady-states by restricting themselves to a limited number of states. It establishes that systems minimise a free energy function of their internal states (not to be confused with thermodynamic free energy), which entail beliefs about hidden states in their environment. The implicit minimisation of free energy is formally related to variational Bayesian methods and was originally introduced by Karl Friston as an explanation for embodied perception in neuroscience,[1] where it is also known as active inference.
The notion that self-organising biological systems – like a cell or brain – can be understood as minimising variational free energy is based upon Helmholtz’s work on unconscious inference[8] and subsequent treatments in psychology[9] and machine learning.
Free energy principle is also used in psychology and artificial intelligence.
Using the free energy principle, researches were able to grow neurons and enable them to play Pong.
Minibrains grown from human and mouse neurons learn to play Pong
